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India Engineering/Architecture Entrance Examination 2010 |
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APPENDIX
– III
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Syllabus
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MATHEMATICS
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UNIT
1:
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SETS, RELATIONS AND
FUNCTIONS: |
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Sets
and their representation; Union, intersection and complement of sets and
their algebraic properties; Power set; Relation, Types of relations,
equivalence relations, functions;. one-one, into and onto functions,
composition of functions.
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UNIT
2:
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COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS:
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Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals,
Representation of complex numbers in the form a+ib and their
representation in a plane, Argand diagram, algebra of complex numbers,
modulus and argument (or amplitude) of a complex number, square root of a
complex number, triangle inequality, Quadratic equations in real and
complex number system and their solutions. Relation between roots and
co-efficients, nature of roots, formation of quadratic equations with
given roots.
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UNIT
3:
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MATRICES AND
DETERMINANTS: |
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Matrices, algebra of matrices, types of matrices,
determinants and matrices of order two and three. Properties of
determinants, evaluation of determinants, area of triangles using
determinants. Adjoint and evaluation of inverse of a square matrix using
determinants and elementary transformations, Test of consistency and
solution of simultaneous linear equations in two or three variables
using determinants and matrices.
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UNIT
4:
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PERMUTATIONS AND
COMBINATIONS: |
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Fundamental principle of counting, permutation as an
arrangement and combination as selection, Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r),
simple applications.
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UNIT
5:
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MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION: |
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Principle of Mathematical Induction and its simple applications. |
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UNIT
6:
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BINOMIAL THEOREM AND ITS SIMPLE APPLICATIONS: |
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Binomial theorem for a positive integral index, general term and middle
term, properties of Binomial coefficients and simple applications.
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UNIT
7:
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SEQUENCES AND SERIES: |
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Arithmetic and Geometric progressions, insertion of
arithmetic, geometric means between two given numbers. Relation between
A.M. and G.M. Sum upto n terms of special series: Sn, Sn2, Sn3.
Arithmetico - Geometric progression. |
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UNIT
8:
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LIMIT, CONTINUITY AND
DIFFERENTIABILITY: |
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Real - valued functions, algebra of functions,
polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential
functions, inverse functions. Graphs of simple functions. Limits,
continuity and differentiability. Differentiation of the sum,
difference, product and quotient of two functions. Differentiation of
trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential,
composite and implicit functions; derivatives of order upto two. Rolle’s
and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems. Applications of derivatives: Rate of
change of quantities, monotonic - increasing and decreasing functions,
Maxima and minima of functions of one variable, tangents and normals. |
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UNIT 9:
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INTEGRAL CALCULUS: |
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Integral as an anti -
derivative. Fundamental integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric,
exponential and logarithmic functions. Integration by substitution, by
parts and by partial fractions. Integration using trigonometric
identities.
Evaluation of simple integrals of the type

Integral as limit of a sum. Fundamental Theorem of
Calculus. Properties of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite
integrals, determining areas of the regions bounded by simple curves in
standard form.
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UNIT
10:
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Differential Equations: |
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Ordinary differential equations, their order and degree. Formation of
differential equations. Solution of differential equations by the method
of separation of variables, solution of homogeneous and linear
differential equations of the type:
dy
-- + p (x) y = q (x)
dx |
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UNIT
11:
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CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY: |
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Cartesian system of
rectangular co-ordinates in a plane, distance formula, section formula,
locus and its equation, translation of axes, slope of a line, parallel
and perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the coordinate axes.
Straight lines
Various forms of equations of a line, intersection of lines, angles
between two lines, conditions for concurrence of three lines, distance
of a point from a line, equations of internal and external bisectors of
angles between two lines, coordinates of centroid, orthocentre and
circumcentre of a triangle, equation of family of lines passing through
the point of intersection of two lines.
Circles, conic sections
Standard form of equation of a circle, general form of the equation of a
circle, its radius and centre, equation of a circle when the end points
of a diameter are given, points of intersection of a line and a circle
with the centre at the origin and condition for a line to be tangent to
a circle, equation of the tangent. Sections of cones, equations of conic
sections (parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard forms, condition
for y = mx + c to be a tangent and point (s) of tangency.
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UNIT
12:
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Three Dimensional Geometry:
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Coordinates of a point in space, distance between two
points, section formula, direction ratios and direction cosines, angle
between two intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest distance
between them and its equation. Equations of a line and a plane in
different forms, intersection of a line and a plane, coplanar lines. |
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UNIT
13:
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Vector Algebra:
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Vectors and scalars, addition of vectors, components
of a vector in two dimensions and three dimensional space, scalar and
vector products, scalar and vector triple product. |
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UNIT
14:
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STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY:
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Measures of Dispersion: Calculation of mean, median,
mode of grouped and ungrouped data. Calculation of standard deviation,
variance and mean deviation for grouped and ungrouped data.
Probability: Probability of an event, addition and multiplication
theorems of probability, Baye’s theorem, probability distribution of a
random variate, Bernoulli trials and Binomial distribution. |
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UNIT 15:
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Trigonometry:
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Trigonometrical
identities and equations. Trigonometrical functions. Inverse
trigonometrical functions and their properties. Heights and Distances.
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UNIT
16:
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MATHEMATICAL REASONING: |
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Statements, logical operations and, or, implies,
implied by, if and only if. Understanding of tautology, contradiction,
converse and contrapositive. |
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PHYSICS
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The syllabus contains two Sections - A
and B. Section - A pertains to the Theory Part having 80% weightage, while
Section - B contains Practical Component (Experimental Skills) having 20%
weightage. |
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SECTION A
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UNIT
1:
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PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT
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Physics, technology and society, S I units,
Fundamental and derived units. Least count, accuracy and precision of
measuring instruments, Errors in measurement, Significant figures.
Dimensions of Physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its
applications. |
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UNIT
2:
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KINEMATICS |
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Frame of reference. Motion in a straight line:
Position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion,
average speed and instantaneous velocity Uniformly accelerated motion,
velocity-time, position- time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated
motion.
Scalars and Vectors, Vector addition and Subtraction, Zero Vector,
Scalar and Vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector.
Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform
Circular Motion. |
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UNIT
3:
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LAWS
OF MOTION
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Force and Inertia, Newton’s First Law of motion;
Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion; Impulse; Newton’s Third Law of
motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications,
Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of
friction, rolling friction.
Dynamics of uniform circular motion: Centripetal force and its
applications. |
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UNIT 4:
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WORK,
ENERGY AND POWER
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Work done by a constant force and a variable force;
kinetic and potential energies, workenergy theorem, power.
Potential energy of a spring, conservation of mechanical energy,
conservative and nonconservative forces; Elastic and inelastic
collisions in one and two dimensions. |
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UNIT
5:
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ROTATIONAL MOTION
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Centre of mass of a two-particle system, Centre of
mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a
force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its
applications; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of moments of
inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes
theorems and their applications.
Rigid body rotation, equations of rotational motion. |
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UNIT
6:
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GRAVITATION
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The universal law of
gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude
and depth. Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. Gravitational potential
energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity. Orbital velocity of a
satellite. Geo-stationary satellites.
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UNIT
7:
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PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS
AND LIQUIDS
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Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s
Law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a
fluid column; Pascal’s law and its applications. Viscosity, Stokes’ law,
terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, Reynolds number.
Bernoulli’s principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface
tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension - drops, bubbles
and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat
capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer-
conduction, convection and radiation, Newton’s law of cooling.
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UNIT
8:
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THERMODYNAMICS
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Thermal
equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of temperature. Heat,
work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics. Second law of
thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes. Carnot engine and
its efficiency. |
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UNIT
9:
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KINETIC THEORY OF GASES |
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Equation of
state of a perfect gas, work doneon compressing a gas.Kinetic theory of
gases - assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature:
rms speed of gas molecules; Degrees of freedom, Law of equipartition of
energy,applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path,
Avogadro’s number. |
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UNIT
10:
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OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES
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Periodic motion - period, frequency, displacement as
a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.)
and its equation; phase; oscillations of a spring -restoring force and
force constant; energy in S.H.M. - kinetic and potential energies; Simple
pendulum - derivation of expression for its time period; Free, forced and
damped oscillations, resonance.
Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of a wave.
Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition
of waves, reflection of waves, Standing waves in strings and organ
pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics, Beats, Doppler effect in sound |
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UNIT
11:
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ELECTROSTATICS
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Electric charges: Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s
law-forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges;
superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric
field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines,
Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole, Torque on a dipole in a
uniform electric field.
Electric flux, Gauss’s law and its
applications to find field due to infinitely long uniformly charged
straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly
charged thin spherical shell. Electric potential and its calculation for a
point charge, electric dipole and system of charges; Equipotential
surfaces, Electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges in
an electrostatic field.
Conductors and insulators, Dielectrics and electric polarization,
capacitor, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel,
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric
medium between the plates, Energy stored in a capacitor.
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UNIT
12:
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CURRENT ELECTRICITY
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Electric current, Drift velocity, Ohm’s law,
Electrical resistance, Resistances of different materials, V-I
characteristics of Ohmic and nonohmic conductors, Electrical energy and
power, Electrical resistivity, Colour code for resistors; Series and
parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of
resistance.
Electric Cell and its Internal resistance, potential
difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in
parallel.
Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge, Metre
bridge. Potentiometer - principle and its applications. |
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UNIT
13:
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MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM
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Biot - Savart law and its application to current
carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely
long current carrying straight wire and solenoid. Force on a moving charge
in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.
Force on a
current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. Force between two
parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere. Torque
experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Moving coil
galvanometer, its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and
voltmeter.
Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic
dipole moment. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines;
Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements. Para-, dia- and ferro-
magnetic substances.
Magnetic susceptibility and permeability, Hysteresis, Electromagnets and
permanent magnets. |
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UNIT
14:
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ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS
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Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf
and current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.
Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/ voltage;
reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit, resonance; Quality factor,
power in AC circuits, wattless current.
AC generator and transformer. |
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UNIT
15:
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ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
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Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics.
Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves.
Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible,
ultraviolet, Xrays, gamma rays). Applications of e.m. waves. |
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UNIT 16:
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OPTICS
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Reflection and refraction of light at plane and
spherical surfaces, mirror formula, Total internal reflection and its
applications, Deviation and Dispersion of light by a prism, Lens Formula,
Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of thin lenses in contact,
Microscope and Astronomical Telescope (reflecting and refracting) and
their magnifyingpowers.
Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens’ principle, Laws of reflection and
refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit
experiment and expression for fringe width, coherent sources and
sustained interference of light. Diffraction due to a single slit, width
of central maximum. Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical
telescopes, Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of
plane polarized light and Polaroids. |
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UNIT 17:
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DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION
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Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect, Hertz
and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation; particle
nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie
relation. Davisson-Germer experiment. |
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UNIT 18:
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ATOMS AND NUCLEI
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Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s
model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum.
Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars;
isotones. Radioactivity-alpha, beta and gamma particles/rays and their
properties; radioactive decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect;
binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear
fission and fusion. |
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UNIT 19:
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ELECTRONIC DEVICES
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Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V
characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V
characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell and Zener diode; Zener
diode as a voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor action,
characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier (common
emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND
and NOR). Transistor as a switch. |
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UNIT 20:
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COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
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Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere; Sky and space wave
propagation, Need for modulation, Amplitude and Frequency Modulation,
Bandwidth of signals, Bandwidth of Transmission medium, Basic Elements of a
Communication System (Block Diagram only) |
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SECTION-B
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UNIT 21:
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EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS |
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Familiarity with the basic approach and
observations of the experiments and activities:
1. Vernier callipers-its use to measure internal and
external diameter and depth of a vessel. 2. Screw gauge-its use to
determine thickness/diameter of thin sheet/wire. 3. Simple
Pendulum-dissipation of energy by plotting a graph between square of
amplitude and time. 4. Metre Scale - mass of a given object by
principle of moments. 5. Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material
of a metallic wire. 6. Surface tension of water by capillary rise and
effect of detergents. 7. Co-efficient of Viscosity of a given viscous
liquid by measuring terminal velocity of a given spherical body. 8.
Plotting a cooling curve for the relationship between the temperature of a
hot body and time. 9. Speed of sound in air at room temperature using
a resonance tube. 10. Specific heat capacity of a given (i) solid and
(ii) liquid by method of mixtures. 11. Resistivity of the material
of a given wire using metre bridge. 12. Resistance of a given wire
using Ohm’s law. 13. Potentiometer – (i) Comparison of emf of two
primary cells. (ii) Determination of internal resistance of a cell.
14. Resistance and figure of merit of a galvanometer by half
deflection method. 15. Focal length of: (i) Convex mirror (ii)
Concave mirror, and (iii) Convex lens using parallax method. 16.
Plot of angle of deviation vs angle of incidence for a triangular prism.
17. Refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
18. Characteristic curves of a p-n junction diode in forward and
reverse bias. 19. Characteristic curves of a Zener diode and finding
reverse break down voltage. 20. Characteristic curves of a transistor
and finding current gain and voltage gain. 21. Identification of
Diode, LED, Transistor, IC, Resistor, Capacitor from mixed collection of
such items. 22. Using multimeter to: (i) Identify base of a
transistor (ii) Distinguish between npn and pnp type transistor
(iii) See the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an
LED.
(iv) Check the correctness or otherwise of a given electronic component
(diode, transistor or IC). |
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CHEMISTRY
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SECTION-A
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PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
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UNIT
1:
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Some Basic conceptS IN CHEMISTRY
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Matter and its nature,
Dalton’s atomic theory; Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound;
Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision and
accuracy, significant figures, S.I. Units, dimensional analysis; Laws of
chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar
mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae; Chemical
equations and stoichiometry. |
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UNIT
2:
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States of Matter
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Classification of
matter into solid, liquid and gaseous states.
Gaseous State:
Measurable properties of gases; Gas laws - Boyle’s law, Charle’s law,
Graham’s law of diffusion, Avogadro’s law, Dalton’s law of partial
pressure; Concept of Absolute scale of temperature; Ideal gas equation,
Kinetic theory of gases (only postulates); Concept of average, root mean
square and most probable velocities; Real gases, deviation from Ideal
behaviour, compressibility factor, van der Waals equation, liquefaction
of gases, critical constants.
Liquid State:
Properties of liquids - vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension
and effect of temperature on them (qualitative treatment only).
Solid State:
Classification of solids: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic
solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea); Bragg’s Law
and its applications; Unit cell and lattices, packing in solids (fcc,
bcc and hcp lattices), voids, calculations involving unit cell
parameters, imperfection in solids; Electrical, magnetic and dielectric
properties. |
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UNIT
3:
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Atomic Structure
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Discovery of sub-atomic
particles (electron, proton and neutron); Thomson and Rutherford atomic
models and their limitations; Nature of electromagnetic radiation,
photoelectric effect; Spectrum of hydrogen atom, Bohr model of hydrogen
atom - its postulates, derivation of the relations for energy of the
electron and radii of the different orbits, limitations of Bohr’s model;
Dual nature of matter, de-Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty
principle. Elementary ideas of quantum mechanics, quantum mechanical
model of atom, its important features, * and *2, concept of atomic
orbitals as one electron wave functions; Variation of * and
* 2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals; various quantum numbers (principal,
angular momentum and magnetic quantum numbers) and their significance;
shapes of s, p and d - orbitals, electron spin and spin quantum number;
Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – aufbau principle, Pauli’s
exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of
elements, extra stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals. |
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UNIT
4:
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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
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Kossel - Lewis approach to chemical bond
formation, concept of ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, factors affecting the formation
of ionic bonds; calculation of lattice enthalpy.
Covalent Bonding: Concept of electronegativity, Fajan’s rule,
dipole moment; Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory and
shapes of simple molecules.
Quantum mechanical approach to covalent bonding: Valence bond
theory - Its important features, concept of hybridization involving s, p
and d orbitals; Resonance.
Molecular Orbital Theory - Its important features, LCAOs, types
of molecular orbitals (bonding, antibonding), sigma and pi-bonds,
molecular orbital electronic configurations of homonuclear diatomic
molecules, concept of bond order, bond length and bond energy.
Elementary idea of metallic bonding. Hydrogen bonding and its
applications. |
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UNIT
5:
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CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS |
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Fundamentals of thermodynamics: System and
surroundings, extensive and intensive properties, state functions, types
of processes.
First law of thermodynamics - Concept of work, heat internal
energy and enthalpy, heat capacity, molar heat capacity; Hess’s law of
constant heat summation; Enthalpies of bond dissociation, combustion,
formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, hydration,
ionization and solution.
Second law of thermodynamics- Spontaneity of processes; DS of the
universe and DG of the system as criteria for spontaneity, DGo (Standard
Gibbs energy change) and equilibrium constant. |
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UNIT
6:
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SOLUTIONS |
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Different methods for expressing
concentration of solution - molality, molarity, mole fraction,
percentage (by volume and mass both), vapour pressure of solutions and
Raoult’s Law - Ideal and non-ideal solutions, vapour pressure -
composition, plots for ideal and non-ideal solutions; Colligative
properties of dilute solutions - relative lowering of vapour pressure,
depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point and osmotic
pressure; Determination of molecular mass using colligative properties;
Abnormal value of molar mass, van’t Hoff factor and its significance. |
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UNIT
7:
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EQUILIBRIUM |
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Meaning of equilibrium, concept of dynamic
equilibrium.
Equilibria involving physical processes: Solid -liquid, liquid - gas and
solid - gas equilibria, Henry’s law, general characterics of equilibrium
involving physical processes.
Equilibria involving chemical processes: Law of chemical equilibrium,
equilibrium constants (Kp and Kc) and their significance, significance
of DG and DGo in chemical equilibria, factors affecting equilibrium
concentration, pressure, temperature, effect of catalyst; Le Chatelier’s
principle.
Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, ionization of
electrolytes, various concepts of acids and bases (Arrhenius, Br?nsted -
Lowry and Lewis) and their ionization, acid - base equilibria (including
multistage ionization) and ionization constants, ionization of water, pH
scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts and pH of their solutions,
solubility of sparingly soluble salts and solubility products, buffer
solutions. |
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UNIT
8:
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REDOX
REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY
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Electronic concepts of oxidation and
reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, rules for assigning
oxidation number, balancing of redox reactions.
Eectrolytic and metallic conduction, conductance in electrolytic
solutions, specific and molar conductivities and their variation with
concentration: Kohlrausch’s law and its applications.
Electrochemical cells - Electrolytic and Galvanic cells, different types
of electrodes, electrode potentials including standard electrode
potential, half - cell and cell reactions, emf of a Galvanic cell and
its measurement; Nernst equation and its applications; Relationship
between cell potential and Gibbs’ energy change; Dry cell and lead
accumulator; Fuel cells; Corrosion and its prevention. |
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UNIT
9:
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CHEMICAL KINETICS
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Rate of a chemical reaction, factors
affecting the rate of reactions: concentration, temperature, pressure
and catalyst; elementary and complex reactions, order and molecularity
of reactions, rate law, rate constant and its units, differential and
integral forms of zero and first order reactions, their characteristics
and half - lives, effect of temperature on rate of reactions - Arrhenius
theory, activation energy and its calculation, collision theory of
bimolecular gaseous reactions (no derivation). |
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UNIT
10:
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SURFACE CHEMISTRY |
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Adsorption-
Physisorption and chemisorption and their characteristics, factors
affecting adsorption of gases on solids - Freundlich and Langmuir
adsorption isotherms, adsorption from solutions.
Catalysis - Homogeneous and heterogeneous, activity and
selectivity of solid catalysts, enzyme catalysis and its mechanism.
Colloidal state - distinction among true solutions, colloids and
suspensions, classification of colloids - lyophilic, lyophobic; multi
molecular, macromolecular and associated colloids (micelles),
preparation and properties of colloids - Tyndall effect, Brownian
movement, electrophoresis, dialysis, coagulation and flocculation;
Emulsions and their characteristics. |
SECTION-B |
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY |
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UNIT 11:
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CLASSIFICATON OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES
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Modem periodic law
and present form of the periodic table, s, p, d and f block elements,
periodic trends in properties of elementsatomic and ionic radii,
ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence, oxidation states
and chemical reactivity. |
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UNIT
12:
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES OF ISOLATION OF METALS |
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Modes of occurrence of elements in nature,
minerals, ores; steps involved in the extraction of metals -
concentration, reduction (chemical. and electrolytic methods) and
refining with special reference to the extraction of Al, Cu, Zn and Fe;
Thermodynamic and electrochemical principles involved in the extraction
of metals. |
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UNIT
13:
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HYDROGEN |
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Position of hydrogen in periodic table,
isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen; Physical and
chemical properties of water and heavy water; Structure, preparation,
reactions and uses of hydrogen peroxide; Classification of hydrides -
ionic, covalent and interstitial; Hydrogen as a fuel. |
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UNIT
14:
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S - BLOCK ELEMENTS (ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS) |
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Group - 1 and 2 Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration and general trends in
physical and chemical properties of elements, anomalous properties of
the first element of each group, diagonal relationships.
Preparation and properties of some important compounds - sodium
carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen
carbonate; Industrial uses of lime, limestone, Plaster of Paris and
cement; Biological significance of Na, K, Mg and Ca. |
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UNIT
15:
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P - BLOCK ELEMENTS |
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Group - 13 to
Group 18 Elements
General Introduction: Electronic
configuration and general trends in physical and chemical
properties of elements across the periods and down the groups; unique
behaviour of the first element in each group.
Groupwise study of the p – block elements Group -
13
Preparation,
properties and uses of boron and aluminium; Structure, properties and
uses of borax, boric acid, diborane, boron trifluoride, aluminium
chloride and alums.
Group - 14
Tendency for
catenation; Structure, properties and uses of allotropes and oxides of
carbon, silicon tetrachloride, silicates, zeolites and silicones.
Group - 15
Properties and uses
of nitrogen and phosphorus; Allotrophic forms of phosphorus;
Preparation, properties, structure and uses of ammonia, nitric
acid, phosphine and phosphorus halides, (PCl3,
PCl5); Structures of oxides and oxoacids of
nitrogen and phosphorus.
Group - 16
Preparation, properties, structures and
uses of dioxygen and ozone; Allotropic forms of sulphur; Preparation,
properties, structures and uses of sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid
(including its industrial preparation); Structures of oxoacids of
sulphur.
Group - 17
Preparation,
properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid; Trends in the
acidic nature of hydrogen halides; Structures of Interhalogen compounds
and oxides and oxoacids of halogens.
Group -18
Occurrence and uses of noble gases; Structures of fluorides and
oxides of xenon.
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UNIT
16:
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d
– and f – BLOCK ELEMENTS
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Transition Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and
characteristics, general trends in properties of the first row
transition elements - physical properties, ionization enthalpy,
oxidation states, atomic radii, colour, catalytic behaviour, magnetic
properties, complex formation, interstitial compounds, alloy formation;
Preparation, properties and uses of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
Inner Transition Elements
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states,
chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction.
Actinoids - Electronic configuration and oxidation states. |
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UNIT
17:
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CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS |
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Introduction to co-ordination compounds,
Werner’s theory; ligands, co-ordination number, denticity, chelation;
IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism;
Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal field theory,
colour and magnetic properties; Importance of co-ordination compounds
(in qualitative analysis, extraction of metals and in biological
systems). |
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UNIT
18:
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
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Environmental
pollution - Atmospheric, water and soil.
Atmospheric pollution - Tropospheric and stratospheric
Tropospheric pollutants - Gaseous pollutants: Oxides of carbon,
nitrogen and sulphur, hydrocarbons; their sources, harmful effects and
prevention; Green house effect and Global warming; Acid rain;
Particulate pollutants: Smoke, dust, smog, fumes, mist; their
sources, harmful effects and prevention.
Stratospheric pollution- Formation and breakdown of ozone,
depletion of ozone layer - its mechanism and effects.
Water Pollution - Major pollutants such as, pathogens, organic
wastes and chemical pollutants; their harmful effects and prevention.
Soil pollution - Major pollutants such as: Pesticides
(insecticides,. herbicides and fungicides), their harmful effects and
prevention.
Strategies to control environmental pollution. |
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Section-C |
Organic
Chemistry |
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UNIT
19:
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Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds
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Purification
- Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, differential extraction
and chromatography - principles and their applications.
Qualitative analysis
- Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.
Quantitative analysis
(basic principles only) - Estimation of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen,
halogens, sulphur, phosphorus.
Calculations of empirical formulae and molecular formulae; Numerical
problems in organic quantitative analysis. |
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UNIT
20:
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SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Tetravalency of carbon;
Shapes of simple molecules - hybridization (s and p); Classification of
organic compounds based on functional groups: - C = C - , - C ? C - and
those containing halogens, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur; Homologous
series; Isomerism - structural and stereoisomerism.
Nomenclature (Trivial and IUPAC)
Covalent bond fission - Homolytic and heterolytic: free radicals,
carbocations and carbanions; stability of carbocations and free
radicals, electrophiles and nucleophiles.
Electronic displacement in a covalent bond - Inductive effect,
electromeric effect, resonance and hyperconjugation.
Common types of organic reactions - Substitution, addition,
elimination and rearrangement. |
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UNIT
21:
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Hydrocarbons
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Classification, isomerism, IUPAC
nomenclature, general methods of preparation, properties and reactions.
Alkanes - Conformations: Sawhorse and Newman projections (of
ethane); Mechanism of halogenation of alkanes.
Alkenes - Geometrical isomerism; Mechanism of electrophilic
addition: addition of hydrogen, halogens, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoff’s
and peroxide effect); Ozonolysis, oxidation, and polymerization.
Alkynes - Acidic character; Addition of hydrogen, halogens, water
and hydrogen halides; Polymerization. Aromatic
hydrocarbons - Nomenclature, benzene - structure and
aromaticity; Mechanism of electrophilic substitution: halogenation,
nitration, Friedel – Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive
influence of functional group in mono-substituted benzene.
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UNIT
22:
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Organic Compounds Containing Halogens
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General methods of preparation, properties
and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; Mechanisms of substitution reactions.
Uses; Environmental effects of chloroform, iodoform, freons and DDT.
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UNIT
23:
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Organic compounds containing Oxygen
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General methods of
preparation, properties, reactions and uses.
ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS
Alcohols: Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary
alcohols; mechanism of dehydration.
Phenols: Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions:
halogenation, nitration and sulphonation, Reimer - Tiemann reaction.
Ethers: Structure.
Aldehyde and Ketones: Nature of carbonyl group;
Nucleophilic addition to >C=O group, relative reactivities of aldehydes
and ketones; Important reactions such as - Nucleophilic addition
reactions (addition of HCN, NH3 and its derivatives), Grignard reagent;
oxidation; reduction (Wolff Kishner and Clemmensen); acidity of ? -
hydrogen, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction, Haloform reaction;
Chemical tests to distinguish between aldehydes and Ketones.
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
Acidic strength and factors affecting it. |
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UNIT
24:
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Organic
Compounds Containing Nitrogen
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General methods of preparation,
properties, reactions and uses.
Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, basic character
and identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines and their
basic character.
Diazonium Salts: Importance in synthetic organic chemistry. |
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UNIT
25:
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Polymers
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General introduction
and classification of polymers, general methods of polymerization -
addition and condensation, copolymerization; Natural and synthetic
rubber and vulcanization; some important polymers with emphasis on their
monomers and uses - polythene, nylon, polyester and bakelite. |
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UNIT
26:
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Bio Molecules
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General introduction and importance of
biomolecules.
CARBOHYDRATES - Classification: aldoses and ketoses;
monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), constituent monosaccharides of
oligosacchorides (sucrose, lactose, maltose) and polysaccharides
(starch, cellulose, glycogen).
PROTEINS - Elementary Idea of ? - amino acids, peptide bond,
polypeptides; Proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary
structure (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes.
VITAMINS - Classification and functions.
NUCLEIC ACIDS - Chemical constitution of DNA and RNA.
Biological functions of nucleic acids. |
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UNIT
27:
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Chemistry in everyday life
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Chemicals in
medicines - Analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics, disinfectants,
antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics, antacids,
antihistamins - their meaning and common examples.
Chemicals in food - Preservatives, artificial sweetening agents -
common examples.
Cleansing agents - Soaps and detergents, cleansing action. |
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UNIT
28:
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principles related to
practical
Chemistry
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• Detection of extra
elements (N,S, halogens) in organic compounds; Detection of the
following functional groups: hydroxyl (alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl
(aldehyde and ketone), carboxyl and amino groups in organic compounds.
• Chemistry involved in the preparation of the following:
Inorganic compounds: Mohr’s salt, potash alum.
Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow,
iodoform.
• Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises - Acids bases and the
use of indicators, oxalic-acid vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4.
• Chemical principles involved in the qualitative salt analysis:
Cations - Pb2+ , Cu2+, AI3+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+.
Anions- CO32-, S2-, SO42-, NO2-, NO3-, CI-, Br, I. (Insoluble salts
excluded).
• Chemical principles involved in the following experiments:
1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4
2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and strong base. .
3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols.
4. Kinetic study of reaction of iodide ion with hydrogen peroxide at
room temperature.
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SYLLABUS FOR APTITUDE TEST B.ARCH./B.PLANNING
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Part
I
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Awareness of
persons, places, Buildings, Materials.) Objects, Texture related to
Architecture and build~environment. Visualising three dimensional objects from two
dimensional drawings. Visualising. different sides of three dimensional
objects. Analytical Reasoning Mental Ability (Visual, Numerical and
Verbal). |
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Part
II
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Three dimensional - perception: Understanding and
appreciation of scale and proportion of objects, building forms and
elements, colour texture, harmony and contrast. Design and drawing of
geometrical or abstract shapes and patterns in pencil. Transformation of
forms both 2 D and 3 D union, substraction, rotation, development of
surfaces and volumes, Generation of Plan, elevations and 3 D views of
objects. Creating two dimensional and three dimensional compositions using
given shapes and forms. Sketching
of scenes and activities from memory of urbanscape (public space,
market, festivals, street scenes, monuments, recreational spaces etc.),
landscape (river fronts, jungles. gardens, tre es, plants etc.)
and rural life. |
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Note:
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Candidates are advised to bring pencils, own geometry box set, erasers and colour pencils and crayons for the Aptitude Test.
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